Risk Factors and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Damage in Hypereosinophilia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of cardiovascular damage in hypereosinophilia (HE).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 62 patients with HE in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators, and the influencing factors of survival and prognosis were also analyzed.@*RESULTS@#In this study, there were 34 males and 28 females, with a median age of 53.5 (20-79) years, 35 patients without cardiovascular damage, 27 patients with cardiovascular damage, including 22 patients with abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) (81.5%), 18 patients with abnormal echocardiography (ECHO) (66.7%), 9 patients with single ECG abnormality, 5 patients with single ECHO abnormality, and other 13 patients with multiple abnormalities. In cardiovascular damage group, peripheral white blood cell count, absolute value of eosinophils, troponin T (TNT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 levels at initial diagnosis were significantly higher than those in the non-cardiovascular damage group (P <0.01), while hemoglobin, IL-2 and interferon-γ levels were significantly lower (P <0.01). There were no significant differences in age, sex, course of disease, etiological classification, platelet count, serum creatine kinase, serum creatine kinase isoenzyme and lactate dehydrogenase between the two groups (P >0.05). The 5-year overal survival rate of patients with cardiovascular damage was 88.9%, and that of patients without cardiovascular damage was 100%, the difference was statistically significant (P =0.012). The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of patients with cardiovascular damage was 59.3%, and the median time was 37 (21-52) months, while that of patients without cardiovascular damage was 80%, and the median time was 63 (51-74) months (P =0.002). Age (>60 years old), course of disease (>24 months), NT-proBNP (>3 000 pg/ml), TNT (>100 ng/L), elevated IL-4 and IL-5 were associated with EFS shortening in patients with cardiovascular damage, which were independent risk factors for EFS.@*CONCLUSION@#The EFS rate in HE patients without cardiovascular damage is significantly higher than patients with cardiovascular damage. Age, course of disease, NT-proBNP, TNT, IL-4 and IL-5 are independent risk factors affecting EFS of patients with cardiovascular damage.

Dietary fiber intake and its correlation with cardiac event-free survival in patients with heart failure / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective:To investigate the daily dietary fiber intake, the main adverse cardiovascular events during follow-up and the cardiac event-free survival in patients with chronic heart failure, and to analyze the relationship between dietary fiber intake and cardiac event-free survival in this population.Methods:This study was a prospective investigation. The investigation was performed in chronic heart failure patients from three third-class hospitals in Suzhou using general information questionnaire and 3-day diet diary. Major adverse cardiovascular events within 6 months after discharge and event-free survival were obtained by telephone call and medical records.Results:The incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events in 122 patients with heart failure was 27.9% within 6 months after discharge. Their dietary fiber intake was 8.1(5.8-10.9)g/d, lower than the recommended intake. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests demonstrated that cardiac event-free survival was significantly shorter in patients with dietary fiber deficiency ( P=0.043). Patients with dietary fiber intake ≥6 g/d after discharge showed decreased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared to patients with dietary fiber intake<6 g/d ( HR=0.422; 95% CI=0.189-0.942; P=0.035). Conclusions:This study revealed insufficient dietary fiber intake in patients with heart failure. Insufficient dietary fiber intake was associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and shorter cardiac event-free survival in heart failure patients within 6 months after discharge. In conclusion, patients with heart failure can increase dietary fiber intake in order to improve prognosis.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Aortic Stenosis: Exploration of Strain Parameters and Prognostic Value in Asymptomatic Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction

OBJECTIVE: To determine the most valuable cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) parameters for evaluating aortic stenosis (AS) and determine whether they can predict the prognosis in asymptomatic AS patients with preserved ejection fraction (pEF).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of 123 moderate to severe AS patients (60 males, 68.6 ± 9.2 years) and 32 control subjects (14 males, 67.9 ± 4.4 years) underwent echocardiography and 3T CMR imaging from 2011–2015. CMR cine images were analyzed using CMR-FT to assess the left ventricular radial, circumferential, and longitudinal peak strain (PS) in 2- and 3-dimensions. The primary endpoints were clinical cardiac events (CCEs), including cardiac death, heart failure, and AS-associated symptom development. For statistical analysis, logistic regression and log-rank tests were used.RESULTS: Global PSs differed between AS patients and controls and between severe and moderate AS patients (p < 0.05). Two-dimensional (2D) global radial and longitudinal PSs changed gradually with the severity of AS groups (p < 0.001). Twenty-two of 67 asymptomatic AS patients with pEF experienced CCEs during the follow-up (median: 31.1 months). 2D global longitudinal PS (GLPS) was the single risk factor for CCE (p = 0.017). The relative risk for CCE was 3.9 (p = 0.016, 95% confidence interval: 1.2–11.9) based on 2D GLPS with a cutoff of −17.9% according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Survival analysis demonstrated that asymptomatic AS patients with pEF having impaired 2D GLPS experienced worse event-free survival than the others (p = 0.041).CONCLUSION: 2D global longitudinal and radial PSs may reflect cardiac dysfunction according to the degree of AS. 2D GLPS might be a prognostic predictor of CCEs in asymptomatic AS patients with pEF.

Survival of Filipino children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed in a tertiary referral center for childhood cancer: A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND@#Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents the largest group of pediatric malignancies. The high cure rate of childhood ALL represents one of the most remarkable success stories in the war against cancer. In a lower middle income country (LMIC) like the Philippines, we reviewed the 5-year survival in a tertiary referral center.@*OBJECTIVES@#This study aims to determine the 5-year survival of childhood ALL at a tertiary referral center for childhood cancer.@*METHODOLOGY@#Medical charts of newly diagnosed ALL ages 1 to 18 years old from January 2012 to December 2016 were reviewed.@*OUTCOME@#A total of 435 subjects were included in the study. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) were 65.3% and 62.8%, respectively. The 5-year OS for standard risk ALL was 68.8% and for high risk ALL was 50%. The 5-year OS for the remission group was 83.7% and for the relapse was 21.1%. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that WBC count at diagnosis, risk classification, immunophenotyping, and relapse showed significant prognostic impact for mortality.@*CONCLUSION@#The 5-year OS and EFS were lower compared to developed countries but are comparable with other LMICs. The prognostic factors for relapse and mortality were compatible with the literature. Overall, the adopted treatment protocols for childhood ALL in this institution showed acceptable results.

Multicenter clinical trial of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in elder children and adolescents / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes with multicenter study for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children over 10 years old and adolescents.@*Method@#Newly diagnosed ALL patients aged from 10 to 18 years old in three hospitals were included in the study from May 1st 2005 to April 30th 2015. They were received ALL-2005/2009 protocol following up to December 31st 2016. The clinical characteristics, outcomes and the prognostic analysis were evaluated between the two protocols.@*Results@#Totally, 237 patients were involved in the study, 76 cases for ALL-2005 and 161 cases for ALL-2009 protocol. Complete remission (CR) after induction therapy was 94.5%. 64 (28.6%) patients relapsed with a median time of 14.5 months and 70 (29.5%) patients passed away during the following time. In long-term follow-up, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) of ALL patients were (63.1±3.3)% and (68.4±3.2)%. The 7-year EFS and OS were (61.0±3.5)% and (67.6±3.3)%.The 5-year EFS of intermediate risk group in ALL-2005 and ALL-2009 protocol were (73.6±6.1)% and (71.7±4.3)% with no difference (χ2=0.064, P=0.801). The 5-year EFS of high risk group in two protocols were (27.6±9.6)% and (33.9±9.3)%, showing no significant difference (χ2=0.296, P=0.586). Five years relapsed rate of two protocols were (33.8±5.7)% and (32.6±4.1)% with no difference (χ2=0.055, P=0.815). The mortalities were 36.8% and 29.8% separately (χ2=2.869, P=0.090). Univariate analysis indicated that age, male, risk, BCR/ABL translocation/t(9;22) and resistant to induction were risk prognostic factors in long-term survival (χ2=4.764, 4.796, 46.410, 9.560, 25.450; P=0.029, 0.029, <0.001, 0.049, <0.001). Cox multivariate analysis showed male, risk and resistant to induction were independent risk prognostic factors (RR=1.790, 2.727, 2.719; P=0.021, 0.000, 0.012).@*Conclusion@#Protocol ALL-2009 enhanced the chemotherapy intensity in intermediate risk group with no benefit of survival. BCR-ABL fusion or t(9;22) translocation was still the risk factor of prognosis. TKI inhibitor used in these patients could improve survival. EFS rate was increased a little and death rate was decreased in ALL-2009 protocol with no significant lower relapsed rate comparing with ALL-2005 protocol.

Clinicohematological parameters and outcomes in a cohort of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with Deletion 17p from Pakistan

BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) exhibits profound heterogeneity in its clinical course. Its clinicohematological and cytogenetic features play a significant role in determining the clinical course and in predicting the treatment response and prognosis. In this context, 17p deletion is known to predict a poor prognosis, as these cases are refractory to conventional therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicohematological characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors among CLL patients with and without del 17p in Pakistan. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (Rawalpindi, Pakistan) between January 2013 and December 2017. Patients were diagnosed based on the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia IWCLL criteria, their clinicohematological parameters were recorded, and cytogenetic analyses were performed. The time from diagnosis to treatment and the 2-year overall survival rate were also evaluated. RESULTS: We evaluated 130 CLL cases, including 24 patients (18.5%) with del 17p, who included 18 men (75%) and 6 women (25%). The median age was 68 years. Binet stage C was detected at the presentation in 16 patients (67%). Treatment was administered to 14 patients (70%) at a median interval of 11 months (range, 0–28 mo) after diagnosis. The overall response rate was 64.3%, the median event-free survival was 9 months (range, 1–23 mo), and the 2-year overall survival rate was 65%. CONCLUSION: Del 17p is relatively common in Pakistan, and patients harboring this deletion had poor treatment response and survival outcomes.

Effect of chemotherapy regimen CCLG-ALL-2008 on children with TEL/AML1 fusion gene positive of acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To evaluate the predictive role of TEL/AML1 fusion gene in protocol CCLG-ALL-2008 and to identify relevant factors influencing the outcome of ALL with TEL/AML1 fusion gene. Methods Ninety-nine patients with ALL harboring TEL/AML1 fusion gene (positive) and 329 cases without any specific fusion genes (negative) at diagnosis of B-lineage ALL from June 2008 to December 2014 were enrolled and their clinical and biological features were analyzed. Following-up ended in October 2015, the survival status was calculated by K-M curve and prognostic factors were analyzed by COX model. Results There were no differences between the two groups in age, white blood cell at the diagnostic stage, and treatment responses at 4 time points, namely, prednisone good response on day 8, M3 status of BM on D15, and the minimal residual disease (MRD) more than 1.0×10-3 on day 33 and 12th week. During the follow-up period, the relapse rate was lower in the positive group than that in the negative group (14/99 vs 69/329), the mortality rate of the negative group was twice of that in the positive group (55/329 vs 8/99). The five-year overall survival (OS) rate, relapse-free survival (RFS) rate and event-free survival (EFS) rate of the positive group were (86.1 ± 4.9)%, (80.7 ± 5.1)% and (78.9 ± 5.1)%, respectively, and (79 ±2.8)%, (72± 3.1)%, and (69.6+ 3.1)% for the negative group as well. COX regression analysis indicated that relapse and MRD level at the 12th week were independent prognostic factors on OS, RFS, and EFS (P<0.05) for the two groups. Conclusions TEL/AML1 fusion gene could be regarded as a relatively good indicator of risks in ALL children treated by CCLG-ALL-2008 protocol. ALL patients with TEL/AML1 are recommended to receive more intensive therapy including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation when the patients were high level of MRD on the 12th week after treatment.

Treatment of children with highly suspected mature B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of mature B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(mature B-ALL) and to assess the safety and efficacy of the treatment protocol.Methods From February of 2003 to December of 2012,15 children were diagnosed as mature B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma possible (mature B-ALL/NHLp) in Shanghai Children's Medical Center(SCMC) were enrolled,and they were treated with SCMC-mature B-ALL/NHLp-2003 protocol.All of the clinical characteristics,therapeutic effects and long-term outcomes were analyzed.The statistical data were processed by SPSS 21.0.Results The median age on diagnosis was 8.7 years (1 year and 5 months to 14 years and 4 months).Among them,4 cases presented with local mass including maxillofacial tumors,neck and abdominal mass.The others had systemic manifestations such as fever and pale face.These neoplastic cells retained the expressions of surface membrane immunoglobulin M,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase,Cμ,CD10,CD19,cCD79 a differently.Follow-up was updated to November 30,2013.The median follow-up period was 80 months (39-128 months).Theestimated 5-year event free survival rate was (80.0 ± 10.3) ％.According to univariate analysis,increased lactate dehydrogenase level (＞ 4-times the normal value),increased serum ferritin level (＞ 2-times the normal value),no small residual disease markers were indepen-dent poor prognostic factors(x2 =5.49,4.89,5.49,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions SCMC-mature B-NHL/ALLp-2003 protocol is feasible and safe for children with mature B-ALL/NHLp,but more sample cases need to be investigated.

Resultados del tratamiento de la Leucemia Linfoide Aguda del niño en Cuba / Results of the treatment of child Acute Lymphoid Leukemia in Cuba

Introducción: la leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA) es la enfermedad maligna más frecuente en la infancia y la primera que se trató con un protocolo común en Cuba. Se han aplicado diferentes protocolos a lo largo del tiempo y actualmente existen en el país 10 centros que tratan niños con LLA. Objetivo: presentar los resultados alcanzados en el tratamiento de la LLA desde 2002 hasta 2008 con el protocolo del grupo ALLIC (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Intercontinental). Métodos: se trataron 166 niños menores de 18 años al inicio de la enfermedad. Para conformar los grupos pronóstico se utilizaron diferentes criterios que incluyeron la edad y el número de leucocitos en el momento del diagnóstico, las alteraciones moleculares y la respuesta al tratamiento. Resultados: la supervivencia libre de eventos (SLE) a los 4 años fue del 69 por ciento y la supervivencia global del 78 por ciento. La SLE en los diferentes grupos pronósticos fue del 85 por ciento para los pacientes de riesgo estándar, 77 por ciento para los de riesgo intermedio y 59 por ciento para los de riesgo alto. El porcentaje de remisión inicial fue inferior al obtenido por el grupo total. La mayoría de las muertes ocurrieron al inicio de la aplicación del protocolo. La recaída hematológica fue la causa más frecuente de terminación de la remisión completa. Las recaídas del sistema nervioso central, las testiculares y las combinadas fueron inferiores al 5 por ciento. La presencia de reordenamientos genéticos del tipo bcr/abl o MLL/AF4 se confirmaron como elementos de muy mal pronóstico. Conclusiones: estos resultados, aunque son susceptibles de ser mejorados, muestran un nivel adecuado, sobre todo si se tiene en cuenta que se han logrado en un país en vías de desarrollo

Introduction: Acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) is the most frequent malignant disease in childhood and the first one to be treated with a common protocol in Cuba. Different protocols have been used and at present there are 10 health centers in Cuba treating children with ALL. Objective: To present the results achieved in the treatment of ALL from 2002 to 2008 with protocol ALLIC (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Intercontinental). Methods: 166 children under 18 years old at the beginning of the disease were treated. Different criteria were used to make prognostic groups which included age and leukocyte counts in the peripheral smear at diagnosis, DNA molecular rearrangements and response to therapy. Results: Event free survival (EFS) after 4 years for the whole group was 69 percent and overall survival (SV) was 78 percent. EFS in the different prognostic groups were 85 percent for standard risk patients, 77 percent for the intermediate risk group and 59 percent for high risk children. Percentage of initial remission in our patients was lower than the one obtained for the whole group. The majority of early deaths occurred at the beginning of the protocol application. Bone marrow relapses were the more frequent ones. Central nervous system, testicular or combined relapses were lower than 5 percent. DNA rearrangements for bcr/ abl or MLL/AF4 were signs of very bad prognosis. Conclusions: These results, even when susceptible to be better, show an adequate level considering that they were achieved in a developing country

Clinical analysis of children acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 国际儿科学杂志

Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics and the long-term effect of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Methods From 2005 to 2010,80 newly diagnosed ALL children were enrolled and treated with protocol based on ALL-BFM2002.The five-years overall survival (OS)and event-free survival(EFS) were analyzed by the method of Kaplan-Meier.Results For the 80 patients,male to female ratio is 1.22∶1.The median age was 4.3 years.33 were in standard risk(41.2％),37 were in medium risk(46.3％),and 10 were in high risk(12.5％).22 had white blood cell count ≥20 x 109/L(27.5％).three patients with BCR-ABL translocation(3.8％),one patient with MLL gene rearrangement(1.3％),17 patients with TEL-AML translocation (21.3％).During induction therapy,79 patients (98.8 ％) achieved complete remission(CR).The five-years OS and EFS were (85.9 ± 4.0) ％ and (79.2 ± 4.7) ％ respectively.The five-years EFS:SR group (86.6 ± 6.4) ％,IR group (81.1 ± 6.4) ％,HR group (48.0 ± 16.4) ％.The difference among risk groups was statistically significant(x2 =7.03,P ＜0.05).12 patients relapsed(15.0％),the median time from diagnosis to relapse was 23.5 months.11 patients died (13.8 ％).Conclusion According to stratification by risk factors and risk-adapted therapy,the quality of ALL children's life had improved.

Prognostic Influences of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

OBJECTIVE: To observe the prognostic influences of the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program in Korean acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients during the first year after an occurrence of the disease. METHOD: A total of 141 AMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were recruited consecutively for this study and divided into the CR group and the control group. The CR group completed the phase 2 CR program in the hospital for a period of 6-8 weeks and maintained self-exercise in their community by exercise prescription for a year after AMI. We performed a prospective comparison of the patients' demographic data, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level after the 4-month CR program, and the rate of recurrence (AMI, re-hospitalization, positive coronary angiogram, needed revascularization procedure, or death) between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared to the control group (0.33+/-0.48 mg/dl), the hs-CRP level was lower in the CR group (0.18+/-0.32 mg/dl) after 4 months of exercise. The recurrence rate was lower (10%, 7/69) in the CR group, compared to the control group (24%, 17/72, p<0.05). The number of disease-free days was larger in the CR group (354+/-38.34), compared to the control group (316+/-99.96, p<0.05). In a comparison of statistical methods used for testing the equality of two survivor distributions, the CR group showed a lower recurrence rate than the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Participation in the CR program designed for AMI patients who underwent PCI-induced normalization of the serum hs-CRP level and lowering of the recurrence rate by 14% during the first year.

Prognostic Factors in Liposarcomas: A Retrospective Study of 52 Patients / 대한골관절종양학회지

PURPOSE: To investigate prognostic factors influencing on local recurrence, distant metastasis and event-free survival of liposarcomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients managed for liposarcomas since 1993 were analyzed respectively in the view of prognostic influence of patient age, tumor size, location, histologic type, histologic grade, resection type, surgical margin, chemotherapy and radiation therapy on local recurrence, distant metastasis and event-free survival. The mean follow up period was 39 months. The univariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: The local recurrences occurred in 11 patients (21.2%) and distant metastasis in 4 patients (8%), Event-free survival rate at 4 year follow up was 67%. In univariate analysis, histologic grade, surgical margin, chemotherapy and radiation therapy were significant prognostic factors on local recurrence (p<0.05). However, histologic grade lost its significance in muitivariate analysis. Trunk location revealed higher rate of distant metastasis than extremity location. In univariate analysis on event-free survival. histologic grade and chemotherapy were significant factors (p<0.05). No factor remained significant in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Considering selection bias, positive surgical margin was negative prognostic factor on local recurrence. Liposarcomas arisen in trunk revealed higher rate of distant metastasis. There was no independent prognostic factor on event-free survival of patients with liposarcomas.

Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Korea / 대한소아혈액종양학회지

PURPOSE: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for approximately 75% of all cases of childhood leukemia. We investigated epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features and treatment outcome of the children with ALL in Korea during recent 5 years. METHODS: One thousand forty nine patients were enrolled between January 1994 and December 1998 from 37 major hospitals in Korea. The data regarding the clinical and laboratory features including age, WBC counts at diagnosis, immunophenotype, morphology, cytogenetics and treatment outcome of patients were analyzed retrospectively by review of patient's medical records. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed. The differences between groups analyzed by log-rank test. RESULTS: There were 597 males and 452 females. The distribution between the age 2 and 5 years is most common in 46.1%. The annual incidence rate per 100,000 population varied from 1.6 to 2.2. The 5 year event free survival (EFS) rates according to good prognostic factors were as follows: 67% bet ween 1-9 year of age at diagnosis, 69% in under 10,000/mm3of initial WBC count, 74% in early pre-B cell CALLA ( ) immunophenotype, 65% in L3 morphology, 68% in no CNS invasion. Most of patients were treated by CCG treatment protocol. The 5 year EFS was 63%. Main complications were sepsis (21.8%) and hemorrhage (12.5%). The relapse rate was 15.6%. The common causes of death were sepsis, DIC, pneumonia, relapse. CONCLUSION: Our results could provide the most recent and important information about acute lymphoblastic leukemia of children in Korea.

AVE Micro-II Stent: 6-months Follow up Result

BACKGROUND: Several stents are now available for the treatment of failed or suboptimal angioplasty. However, one of the limitations of stents is difficult to deploy especially in tortuous vessels, lesions at a bend, and distal to previously deployed stents. The AVE Micro-II stent has a very low profile(1.65mm), optimum radio-opacity, and highly flexible properties. It is mounted on a semi-compliant balloon with a monorail delivery system. Therefore, it is easy to operate and feasible in tortuous, distal lesions and variety of lesion lengths. We report clinical outcomes and angiographic follow up results of AVE Micro-II stent. METHODS: Between January 1996 and September 1996, 77 patients were stented with the AVE Micro-II stent. Six-months follow-up angiogram was performed in 57 patients(64 lesions, follow-up rate : 74%). RESULTS: The overall angiographic restenosis rate was 26.6%. By univariable analysis, the rate of restenosis was significantly higher for stents in angulated lesions, in smaller post-stent luminal diameter, in the left anterior descending artery lesion than the right coronary artery, in ostial lesion(p=0.02), in peristent dissecting lesions(p=0.02), in tortuous proximal vessels(p=0.03). Stenting of angulated lesions(p=0.0001, Odds ratio=54.64), small post-stent luminal diameter(p=0.01, Odds ratio=5.46), and the left anterior descending artery than the right coronary artery(p=0.03, Odds ratio=17.2) were the strong independent predictors of restenosis in a multiple logistic regression analysis. Event-free survival(freedom from death, myocardial infarction or revascularization) was 80.7% at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: 1) The AVE Micro-II stent can be placed safely and efficiently. 2) The angiographic restenosis rate was 26.6%, and 80.7% of patients remained free of cardiovascular events at 6 months. 3) Stenting of angulated lesions, small post-stent luminal diameter, and the left anterior descending artery than the right coronary artery are associated with higher rates of restenosis.